|
Şcheii Braşovului ((ハンガリー語:Bolgárszeg), (ドイツ語:Belgerei ''or more recently'' Obere Vorstadt); traditional Romanian name: ''Bulgărimea'', colloquially ''Şchei'') is the old ethnically Bulgarian and Romanian neighborhood of Braşov, a city in Transylvania, Romania. This village-like section of the town is mostly made up of small houses built along narrow roads with gardens and small fields on the sides of the mountains. Until the 17th century, the inhabitants of Şchei were forbidden from owning property inside the city walls. The people living in the Şchei could only enter the town at certain times and had to pay a toll at the Catherine's Gate for the privilege of selling their produce inside the town. Catherine's Gate was the only entrance for the Romanians — they were not allowed to use the other four entrances. It was in Şchei that Braşov's first Romanian School was established, next to the Romanian Orthodox church of St. Nicholas. Researchers maintain the Şchei were ethnic Bulgarians who later adopted the Romanian language and ethnic identity.〔Ion Muşlea, ''Şcheii de la Cergău şi folclorul lor'', Cluj 1928.〕 The neighbourhood's name has been recorded through the ages as follows: ''Bolgarszek'' (1611), ''Scheu Braşovului'', ''oraşul Schei lângă Cetatea Braşovolui'' (1700), ''Bolgarsek, Şchei de lângă Braşov'' (1701), ''Şchiiaii Braşovului'' (1708), ''Bolgaria Braşovului'' (1723), ''Şchei lângă cetate Braşovului unde-i zic Bolgara, Şchiai'' (1724), ''obştea din Bolgarseghi'' (1773), ''sărăcimea obştii Bolgarsegului'' (1774), ''Bolgarsec, Biserica Bolgarseghiului'' (1813), ''Bolgarsechi'' (1816), ''Bolgarsăchiu'' (1817) etc.〔Coriolan Suciu, ''Dicţionar istoric al localităţilor din Transilvania'', vol. I, Bucureşti 1967, pp. 102.〕 According to Radu Tempea's ''Istoria besérecei Şchéilor Braşovului'' manuscript of 1899, the Bulgarians arrived in Braşov in the late 14th century, more exactly 1392. Their arrival is linked to the reconstruction of the Black Church, which had been destroyed by the Tatars in the 13th century, the reconstruction beginning 1385.〔Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius, ''Reiseführer Siebenbürgen'', Thaur bei Innsbruck 1993, pp. 365.〕 By the beginning of the 19th century, the Bulgarian population of Şcheii Braşovului had been gradually Romanianized. An 1829 statistic on the population of Bolgárszeg, which stated the neighbourhood had a population of 5,829, did include ''Bulgari'' ("Bulgarians") in the list along with ''Valachi'' ("Romanians"), but noted no people of that ethnicity.〔Милетич, p. 19.〕 ==Gallery== Image:EcaterinaBv.jpg|Catherine's Gate Image:Petocile Brasov.JPG|Typical street in Şcheii Braşovului Image:First Romanian school Brasov.JPG|First Romanian school Image:Brasov, san nicola 01.JPG|St. Nicholas Orthodox Church in Șcheii Brașovului Image:Sf Treime Brasov 2.jpg| St. Trinity Orthodox Church in Şcheii Braşovului Image:Solomon cliffs2.JPG| Solomon cliffs (Pietrele lui Solomon) in Şcheii Braşovului image:CascadaPLS.jpg| Waterfall at Solomon cliffs in Şcheii Braşovului 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Șcheii Brașovului」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|